Mastering Surgical Ergonomics and Psychomotor Skills
To become a great surgeon—both in simulation and the operating room—you must start with fundamentals. One of the most critical aspects is ergonomics, followed by mastering hand biomechanics for precise control.
Step 1: Perfecting Your Ergonomics
- Chair Positioning: Sit back in the chair with shoulders relaxed and maintain a 90° angle at your knees and elbows.
- Foot Pedals: Both feet must be firmly placed on the pedals.
- Back Position: Hyperextend slightly for a power position that prevents strain.
- Simulator Adjustments: Ensure correct height, angle, and interpolar distance before starting.
Step 2: Hand Biomechanics – “Macro Control, Micro Precision”
To navigate the anterior chamber with accuracy, adopt the right hand positioning:
- Fixation Point: Fingernails touch the patient’s forehead while maintaining a vertical wrist.
- Instrument Grip: Hold the second instrument (chopper, forceps, etc.) at 180° with third phalanx contact for control.
- Pivoting Technique: Float through the incision while ensuring centered eye stability.
Step 3: Adjusting for Handpiece Movements
When handling the phaco handpiece, the biomechanics shift:
- Heavier Instrument Considerations: More flexibility in hand positioning.
- Rotational Movements: You can rotate, verticalize, and navigate differently from second instruments.
- 3D Spiral Navigation: Adjusting movements for optimal intraocular precision.
Final Takeaway: Perfecting ergonomics and hand biomechanics takes time, but once mastered, they will significantly enhance your surgical skills. Stay patient, stay focused, and keep refining your technique.